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API Integration Assessment: The Technical Foundation of M&A Success

Every M&A integration plan includes system integration. Every integration plan underestimates the complexity. API assessment during due diligence is the difference between a 6-month integration and an 18-month nightmare.

Why API Assessment Matters

Post-acquisition, you'll need to:

  • Migrate customer data to buyer's systems
  • Synchronize product and pricing information
  • Consolidate financial reporting
  • Integrate identity and access management
  • Connect monitoring and operations

All of this depends on APIs. If the target's APIs are poorly designed, undocumented, or non-existent, each integration becomes a custom development project.

API Quality Indicators

Documentation

  • Do APIs have current, accurate documentation?
  • Are examples and use cases provided?
  • Is the documentation machine-readable (OpenAPI/Swagger)?

Design Quality

  • Do APIs follow consistent patterns?
  • Are resources properly modeled?
  • Is versioning implemented?
  • Are errors handled consistently?

Authentication & Security

  • How is authentication implemented?
  • Are appropriate authorization controls in place?
  • Is rate limiting implemented?
  • Are APIs secured with TLS?

Reliability

  • What's the API uptime history?
  • How are API changes communicated?
  • Is there a deprecation policy?

Integration Complexity Assessment

For each planned integration, evaluate:

Data Mapping

  • How do data models map between systems?
  • Are there semantic differences in seemingly similar fields?
  • What transformations are required?

Sync Requirements

  • What's the data freshness requirement?
  • Is real-time sync needed, or is batch acceptable?
  • How is conflict resolution handled?

Volume and Performance

  • What data volumes will flow through integrations?
  • Can APIs handle the required throughput?
  • What's the latency requirement?

Red Flags in API Assessment

  • No APIs: Data access requires direct database queries—fragile and risky
  • Undocumented APIs: Every integration requires reverse engineering
  • Inconsistent APIs: Each endpoint works differently, multiplying integration effort
  • No versioning: Changes break integrations without warning
  • Authentication by IP whitelist: Outdated security model that complicates integration
  • SOAP-only: Legacy technology that increases integration complexity

Quantifying Integration Effort

We categorize integrations by complexity:

Simple (1-2 weeks each)

  • Well-documented REST APIs
  • Standard authentication (OAuth, API keys)
  • Clear data mapping
  • Existing integration tools/connectors

Moderate (4-8 weeks each)

  • APIs exist but need custom development
  • Some data transformation required
  • Custom authentication handling
  • Performance optimization needed

Complex (12+ weeks each)

  • No APIs—direct database integration
  • Significant data model differences
  • Real-time sync with conflict resolution
  • High volume/performance requirements

Case Study: The Integration Timeline Explosion

A strategic acquirer planned a 6-month integration for a $15M acquisition. The target had "comprehensive APIs" per due diligence materials.

Reality discovered post-close:

  • APIs existed but hadn't been updated in 2 years
  • Documentation was for a previous version
  • Authentication required a deprecated OAuth flow
  • Rate limits would require 3 months to sync historical data
  • Critical data was only accessible via direct database queries

The 6-month integration became 14 months. Additional cost: $600K in integration development. Three customer escalations during the extended timeline.

Key Takeaway: API assessment should be a standard component of technical due diligence. Verify API quality, documentation, and capabilities before committing to integration timelines. The gap between claimed and actual API capability is often measured in months and millions.

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